The reason Lara was and is so big as a female protagonist is that she was the first one front and center in her game being obviously a female character.
Peach was there, yes and very feminine, but a majority of the characterization we now have for Peach happened after Lara Croft.
Zelda was as well but she never took much center stage in her tales until the 64 era where her role began to diversify and increase.
Samus was a precursor but she was hidden by androgynous armor to the point it wasn't until Smash that a mass amount of people even knew she was a female character outside of the die-hards.
Chun Li, Cammy and Sonya Blade were great precursors as well and really paved way for female characters in fighting games, but Ryu and Liu Kung/Scorpion/Sub Zero overshadowed them being the poster boys for their franchises.
Lara was an un-apologetically feminine female lead in a video game doing things that only dude heroes did before. She was shooting, she was climbing, she was smart, and sassy.
That played a major part in her blow up. Not just the fact she was a sex symbol.
Let these gifs of Alicia Vikander tell a tale of her impact (Keep in mind she's talking about being 10 years old at the time):
In this very same interview another critically acclaimed actress in Margot Robbie goes ''Oh I'm so excited! I love Tomb Raider."
Don't underestimate the importance and appeal of Lara Croft.
Her main hurdle truly is her guns and the fact there's a ton of demand for a ton of 3rd parties at the moment.