I just read the whole thing. Very interesting analysis, but in the story section, I noticed one mistake. You said that Bowser "invaded" the Observatory and stole the Power Stars, but that didn't actually happen.
Rosalina's actual description of the situation in-game was:
"A strange force had latched onto our ship, pulling away Star Bits and our power source, Power Stars. Our ship had lost power, so it entered a deep hibernation state where it could not move. Those who took your special one picked up the Power Stars..."
So while Bowser did pick up the stars, he didn't physically invade the Observatory to retrieve them (which is also evidenced by the fact that the Observatory shows no signs of being damaged by Bowser's fleet or anything of the sort). This wouldn't make a lot of sense, as the Observatory moves way too fast to just be invaded a la Peach's Castle. He used some kind of metaphorical "star magnet" to drag away stars from the Observatory as it passed by the Mushroom Kingdom, and that sucked away it's power source, leaving it at a standstill. Which would explain why Rosalina mentions Star Bits being taken, yet Bowser only ever set out to retrieve the Power Stars and never mentions the Star Bits (the Star Bits would be useless to him, they were probably just discarded or ignored. Or he used them to create minions, hence you can retrieve Star Bits by killing enemies with a spin).