Actually, I think the calculations for Decisive Monado Arts work differently then I thought. Originally I thought it was a simple increase/decrease by 10% for the original value, like Speed now reducing damage by 30% instead of 20% like it normally does. However, I noticed that the theory is inconsistent based on my research.
A basic example is the dash attack does 10% damage, which in mathmatics can translate to 100% or 1.00. When I activate Smash using Monado Arts the damage modifications recieve a 50% or .50 reduction, meaning now the dash attack does 5% damage. Based on my first theory, I presumed that it would be a 60% or 0.60 reduction with Decisive Monado Arts, meaning the dash attack would inflict 4%. However, it still inflicts 5%, and I do know it's some sort of modification because Speed with that custom does 7% instead of 8% with that dash attack.
My new theory is that the custom uses the original values of Monado Arts, but addionally adds an 10%-15% increase or decrease on top of it, meaning Smash caluculations are 50% + 10% = 55% instead of 60% like expected, which would explain why some values changed while others didn't.
Also, it's starting to make me think that Speed reduces damage by 25% instead of 20% like I originally estimated.
Edit: Turns out I made a fluke, the dash attacks regardless of either version does 7%, which is weird because I did remember it doing 8%. This means that the "more powerful arts" thing may be false advertisement. However it does help support the part about it being a 25% reduction instead of 20%.