Game sense: one's level of intuitive "theorycraft" (achievable without frame data - i.e., Mang0) on how the opponent and oneself is going to try to reach objectives (winning neutral, comboing, edgeguarding, landing killing blows). This is a recognition level, as you have a good hunch that the opponent is going to spam f-tilt with Sheik or abuse crouch cancel with Peach, because those are innately "good" tactics, at least at a certain skill level, but you may not necessarily know how to counter those strategies.
Game knowledge: this is mostly going to be one's collection of frame data and understanding of micro-interactions. For example, knowing percentages when ASDI down works. Knowing at what percent u-throw pivot tipper works. Knowing what launch trajectories will cause one to slide off a platform. Knowing when one can escape from a chain grab.
Technical skill: The most self-explanatory subdivision. How well-versed one is at difficult techniques, like shield dropping, smash DI, double stick teching, etc.
Psychological perceptiveness: one's ability to read the opponent's psyche. When the opponent does an action, you recognize the to a certain degree the train of thought that led them to choose that option. The better you recognize the opponent's thought process, the better you will be able to predict based on patterns how they will respond in certain situations. For example, the enemy Marth may always d-tilt followed by either another d-tilt or f-smash. You reason that the f-smash is to cover you jumping over d-tilt and to protect themselves. As for whether you can come up with effective counterplay to their strategy ... that is another matter.
Cognitive Resilience: knowing what are good options for the opponent, or even predicting what they will do, are all good and well. But can you "adapt" perfectly? Obviously, there is no such thing as perfect adaptation, because both players are constantly adjusting to one another's adjustments that are made incrementally (or sometimes with noticeably more acceleration). One's refinement of the craft of problem-solving is what is most notable about the category of "cognitive resilience". A generation of cockroaches is faced with the problem of poisons that threaten to wipe them out; so they change their bodies chemically and biologically to be able to withstand that poison. Some other insects may be less adept at making the necessary genetic mutations to survive, and they will ultimately succumb to Raid or whatever other toxins are being employed to eradicate them. Armada mentioned in one of his streams the effectiveness of overshooting attacks, particularly to challenge a dash-dance heavy style. I believe he showed a video of himself vs you at Evo 2015 where he overshot dash attacks as an answer to dash back. Now part of this may have been his preparation, not necessarily adjustments he made on the fly. But I think it serves as a fair illustration.
Focus: one's proficiency in applying precise amounts of mental effort into their game presence, while also staying situationally aware, keeping track of the opponent's activities, and remaining composed, simultaneously. An example of lacking focus would be Luigikid's set against Shroomed, where he forfeited because his out-of-game health was hindering him from focusing.
