Oblivion doesn't know what Swiss is. -_-;;
Swiss has a LOT of variations, so you'll get a different response depending on what people are used to, but in a nutshell:
Round Robin = everyone plays everyone
Swiss = everyone plays everyone that is on par with their skill, with skill being determined by record in said event
The scoring system is VERY IMPORTANT for Swiss. Like the single most important thing. Keep that in mind.
Swiss is designed to be used with larger events (or smaller events with longer games) as it essentially gives you the same results as Round Robin in a fraction of the time. Round Robin is better in every way other than time. Swiss saves time by having people play people with the same "skill level" or record as them until there is one obvious winner.
For our purposes, we will use a group of 8 players in a tournament for simple math.
The first round is entirely random unless pre-seeded. The good news for Swiss is that the pairing doesn't matter too much in the first round unless it's heavily, heavily skewed; while people may complain it won't affect overall results.
Soul vs. Overswarm
Ally vs. Kel
Juu vs. Metroid
Dr.X vs. Tako
Let's say that's round 1 at random. For our purposes the scoring system will be
set wins rather than
game wins. This is an important distinction and if you plan on doing swiss in the future you should think hard about it and run some numbers.
So far it's no different than an unseeded bracket! Then the results come in:
Winners: Overswarm, Ally, Metroid, Dr. X
Losers: Soul, Kel, Juu, Tako
My score is essentially "1" while Tako has a score of "-1". Ditto for all the other winners/losers.
You then pair people by score randomly. You make an effort not to play the same person two times in a row, and NEVER three times in a row.
Overswarm plays Ally [ally wins]
Metroid plays Dr. X [metroid wins]
Soul plays Juu [Soul wins]
Kel plays Tako [Kel wins]
Score afterwards:
Ally 2-0
Metroid 2-0
Overswarm 1-1
Dr. X 1-1
Soul 1-1
Kel 1-1
Juu 0-2
Tako 0-2
See what next round will be?
Ally vs. Metroid
Overswarm vs. Dr. X
Kel vs. Soul
Juu vs. Tako
Keep in mind that OS doesn't have to face Dr. X because he had a 1-0 score then moved to 1-1 while soul and kel both had 0-1 to 1-1. Where you were is irrelevant, only where you are and who you played counts.
Ally wins
Overswarm wins
Kel wins
Juu wins
Ally 3-0
Metroid 2-1
Overswarm 2-1
Kel 2-1
Dr. X 1-2
Soul 1-2
Juu 1-2
Tako 0-3
After the third round we have a "clear winner" in Ally. This
can be when the game ends, but often there are a pre-determined amount of rounds. So what happens if we called this a 5 round tournament?
Ally has 3-0 and you start matching from the top down, so since he has no pairing he'd either get a bye (if there were odd pairings) and gain a point or if you have an even number he would play someone from the next skill group (2-1).
Ally has already played both Metroid, Kel, and myself, so he would play someone at random from that group (in this case Kel).
same problem with 3 1-2's and 1 0-3. Tako has played Juu and Dr. X, so by default he plays Soul.
Ally vs. Kel
Overswarm vs. Metroid
Dr. X vs. Juu
Tako vs. Soul
Ally wins
Overswarm wins
Juu wins
Soul wins
Ally 4-0
Overswarm 3-1
Metroid 2-2
Kel 2-2
Dr. X 1-3
Soul 2-2
Juu 2-2
Tako 0-4
Now it's about to be the final round!
I have the best record after Ally, so we play by default. Had Metroid won, he would play Ally again even though they had played before; who you played is never more important than record.
Ally vs. Overswarm
Metroid vs. Kel
Soul vs. Juu
Dr. X vs. Tako
We see some repeats now! That's perfectly fine and inevitable in smaller swiss tournaments.
Overswarm wins
Metroid wins
Juu wins
Dr. X wins
Overswarm 4-1
Ally 4-1
Metroid 3-2
Juu 3-2
Kel 2-3
Dr. X 2-3
Soul 2-3
Tako 0-5
Now we run into some of the issues with the Swiss format. The tournament is now done; we've accomplished the 5 rounds we set out to do. Because we did more than we'd normally do to determine a clear winner some oddities occur! These are important to plan for.
For one, I'm tied with Ally!
Ally has beaten: Overswarm, Kel, Metroid, Kel again
Overswarm has beaten: Ally, Soul, Dr. X, Metroid
What do?
There's several schools of thought on this. Some say "Play again!" as a tie breaker, but that's a little sloppy and in Swiss you could have a LOT of tie breakers. Most would tell us to use our normal tie breaker routine: head to head (we're tied), then game count, then rematch if necessary.
Breaking ties can get REALLY complicated because Swiss is so unique. Most organizations actually share the tied spots. In a tournament format, Ally and I would get 1st together, sharing the prize money for 1st and 2nd place. In a 60/30/10 split and $10 entry, 1st would get 48 and 2nd would get 24. In this case Ally and I would both get $36 if we shared placements. This is the fastest way to resolve ties, although poor Metroid and Juu would get $4 each.
Another problem is Juu.
Juu has beaten: Tako, Dr.X, and Soul.
Metroid has beaten: Juu, Dr.X, Kel.
But Metroid had to play both myself and Ally (tied for first place), while Juu had Metroid as his most difficult match!
This can be hard to swallow for bracket players in a similar way to people who get bracket wrecked feel when watching someone get a free path to the finals. Ultimately the rationale is Metroid had the
potential to do better but choked towards the top while Juu choked earlier on and worked his way back up. The fact that they are placed together may seem unfair because one had easier matches than the other, but they
earned those matches over time. Assuming the results weren't odd, they're actually placed correctly together. Metroid would win in any sort of tiebreaker scenario, but earned his record. It just feels wrong because of what we are used to, but is accurate in this hypothetical scenario.
One popular way of breaking ties is to actually break ties based on opponent's performance to solve that very problem. Metroid would add up the record of all his opponents (Juu, Dr. X, Kel, OS, Ally) and compare it to Juu's. Metroid's group has a higher score together, so he'd win the tie breaker.
If you are counting, a tie breaker in this fashion between me and Ally would be 11-9 for Ally vs. 11-9 for OS.
If you want to read more into tie breaking:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tie-breaking_in_Swiss_system_tournaments
The trick to solving ties in Swiss ultimately resides in a flowchart similar to what we have for pools. No "contact the TO", but rather a "this first, this second, so on so forth" ultimately ending in something that cannot possibly tie.
Swiss tournaments are super fast for determining general skill though if you just want to go until someone is a "clear winner" (like Ally when he was 4-0 in the above example). For 32 people you need only 5 rounds. Binary logarithms! Just divide the number of players by 2 until you're down to 1.
32 - 16 - 8 - 4 - 2 (after the last round you'd have 1 winner)
Advantages to Swiss:
-Faster than bracket in many situations
-Everyone gets to play, no one is knocked out
-When you're using "known groups", it determines skill accurately and gives you way more time for other things; we don't need a bracket to know that Ally will beat a 4 seed in first round of winners, right?
-All the matches are literally of equal skill; in the Lexington tournament I had to play Kero, who got 2nd, earlier than someone else had to play Kero and I got 9th. I could have beaten everyone at the tournament other than maybe 3 people, one of which I beat in pools. "Bad luck" like that doesn't happen in Swiss and you get opportunities to bring yourself back.
Disadvantages to Swiss:
-high variety in ways to use it can result in confusion
-tie breaking can be fussy, but when isn't it?
-requires a randomizer, which can be difficult
-You can't assign rounds until ALL the rounds are done. This is a biggin'. For tournaments with the right amount of setups it's no big deal, but if you're lacking? You gotta be
on the ball.
quick example:
32 people in Swiss tournament.
10 setups.
20 people playing at once leaves 12 available.
This means that as those 10 pairs are finishing, the 6 other get to come in. If those pairs don't finish quickly, every pair of 10 has to tap their foot and wait for them to be done and THEN wait to be assigned new matches.
It's not
that big of a deal if you're ready for it. All it takes is an Excel spreadsheet in a laptop and a randomizer. But you have to know what you're doing, otherwise it'll take you 10 minutes to call out the matches and do everything all over again. For smash tournaments this is a HUGE downside. You'd still finish faster than bracket, but the downtime is irritating.
If you're still reading that means you interested in Swiss so I'm going to tell you about
accelerated pairings. This is awesome and is PERFECT FOR SIDE EVENTS, ESPECIALLY ONES YOU WANT TAKEN SERIOUSLY.
In a standard swiss system of 8 players you need 3 round to get a "winner" and after the second round you would have two 2-0's, 4 1-1's, and 2 0-2's.
In "accelerated pairings" you simply add one point to any player in the "top half" for the first two rounds for pairing purposes only.
Soul vs. Overswarm
Ally vs. Kel
Juu vs. Metroid
Dr.X vs. Tako
Winners: Overswarm, Ally, Metroid, Dr. X
Losers: Soul, Kel, Juu, Tako
Overswarm 2-0
Ally 2-0
Metroid 2-0
Dr. X 2-0
Soul 0-1
Kel 0-1
Juu 0-1
Tako 0-1
Overswarm plays Ally [ally wins]
Metroid plays Dr. X [metroid wins]
Soul plays Juu [Soul wins]
Kel plays Tako [Kel wins]
Ally 4-0
Overswarm 2-1
Metroid 4-0
Dr. X 2-1
Soul 1-1
Juu 0-2
Kel 1-1
Tako 0-2
Ally vs. Metroid
Overswarm vs. Dr.X
Soul vs. Kel
Juu vs. Tako
This would then end the tournament. While it doesn't seem like a big deal with 8 people (same round #), you can see how the divide between us got much larger earlier on. Keep in mind these additional points are for
pairing only. up above Ally is really 2-0 and I'm really 1-1, but for the entirety of the event those added points are used.This means that if I win against Dr. X and Metroid loses to Ally, our scores would be:
Ally 5-0
Metroid 4-1
Overswarm 3-1
Dr. X 2-2
It's much clearer and places much more emphasis on the earlier rounds with the assumption that no good player is going to lose his first two rounds at random, so let's not waste time and make the good people play each other faster.
There are a LOT of swiss systems (Amalfi is fun), so go ahead and look into it. The McMahon system would be good for pre-determined skill groups (like if there was a ranking system already in place). Most people determine the number of rounds to either be the number required to have a clear winner (binary logarithm) or to ensure that players with a record of X losses or better will be ranked in the top 8, generally one loss.
Occasionally they'll move the top 8 to a single elimination bracket afterwards.