Pragmatic
Smash Journeyman
Excellent points. I had actually completely forgotten to explain the environmental factors, but they are crucial in the equation.A question arises for factors that can induce chromosome mutations. Colchicine is a chemical reagent that inhibits chromosome segregation and cell division, therefore leading to the mitotic formation of a tetraploid cell, instead of two diploid cells. The fact that factors outside of genes themselves, such as environmental factors and chemical toxins could induce mishaps in chromosome pairing, division, and formation leads some skepticism to placing faith in a genetics based measure to ensure that children are successfully reproduced. Of course, the current discussion has ignored the underlying truth, in that genetic factors are transcribed and translated to form proteins that function in biochemical pathways, as enzymes, as polymerase, as helicase, and as telomerase (so on and so forth). We also have not reviewed cases of incomplete dominance, codominance, pleiotropic allelic factors, and perhaps even more in-depth matters of molecular genetics.
Genes are the focal, pinnacle point, so I just expanded on that main aspect.